当代研究生道德情感现状调查研究

The Investigation of the Moral Feelings Status of Chinese Contemporary Graduate Students

运用自编问卷,对全国三类地区14大城市51所高校的10056名硕博研究生实施大规模道德情感及其影响因素调查。结果表明,当代研究生道德情感由爱国感、责任感、正直感、奉献感、公益感、信用感、公平感等组成,其总体发展正向积极,但仍需大力提升;道德情感下属各因子发展不均衡,其中爱国感、责任感、信用感状况良好,而正直感、奉献感发展欠佳;跨学段比较分析发现,从青少年到本专科生再到硕博研究生,责任感不断提升,而正直感逐段下降;研究生道德情感受个人、家庭、学校和社会各方影响,其中,对社会舆论的关注、对核心价值观的认同、对自身的要求属强影响因素,人际关系、家庭氛围、社会风气、阅读量等也有相当影响。研究生道德情感的培养,既要整体推进、整群覆盖、综合施策,又要抓住薄弱情感、重点群体、关键影响变量予以重点突破。

Using self-compiled questionnaire, a large-scale research on the moral feelings and affecting factors of graduate students in China has been conducted. This investigation involves 10 056 Chinese graduate students from 51 universities in 14 major cities across three different areas of China （well-developed area, average-developed area and under-developed area）. The results indicate that the moral feelings of contemporary Chinese graduate students consist of sense of patriotism, sense of responsibility, sense of integrity, sense of dedication, sense of public welfare, sense of credibility, sense of fairness and so on; the overall moral feelings show a positive tendency, yet it still need to be developed urgently; the subordinate elements are imbalanced, with a well-developed sense of patriotism, sense of responsibility and sense of credibility, and a less developed sense of integrity and sense of public welfare; the comparative analysis of cross-section schooling stages shows that, from the adolescence students to the college students and to the graduate students, the sense of responsibility is constantly increasing, while the sense of integrity is constantly decreasing; the moral feelings are mainly influenced by multiple factors of individual, family, school and society, among which the attention to public opinion, the identification of core values, the requirements of personal discipline are strong influence factors, while the interpersonal relationships, the family atmosphere, the social atmosphere and the quantity of reading are important influence factors. To cultivate graduate students/ moral feelings, we should follow the principles of overall push, overall coverage and synthesis of measures, and make breakthroughs in key factors such as the weak feelings, the key groups and the key influence variables.