美国出生证明管理体系及对我国的启示

American birth certificate management system and the enlightenment to China

目的通过回顾美国出生证明管理体系发展历程,分析其结构与功能,为我国人口出生证明管理体系建设提供参考思路。方法系统检索国内外数据库相关文献及美国官方网站等,对美国出生证明管理体系相关资料进行总结和分析。结果美国已经建立了相对统一的出生医学档案数据库,管理体系结构完善,功能明确,但也存在安全性等问题。结论我国可以借鉴美国经验,各系统之间统一平台,互联互通,共建共享,同时注意避免美国管理体系中已经出现的弊端,提高数据质量,保障数据安全性,完善我国人口出生证明管理体系,建立符合我国国情的电子生命统计系统。

Objective To review the history of American birth certificate management system, analyze the structure and function, pro- vide a reference for construction of birth certificate management system in China. Methods The related documents in domestic and foreign databases and American official website were retrieved systematically, the related data of American birth certificate management system was summarized and analyzed. Results The United States has established a relatively unified database of birth medical records with a well-de- veloped management structure and clear functions, but there are still issue of safety. Conclusion China can learn from experience of the U- nited States, unify the platform among various systems, interconnect, jointly build and share, avoid the drawbacks that have emerged in the United States management system, improve data quality, ensure data security, perfect China birth certificate management system, establish an electronic vital statistic system suitable for China national conditions.