磁共振检查在胎儿中枢神经系统先天发育异常中的应用研究

Application of magnetic resonance imaging in congenital dysplasia of the central nervous system of fetus

目的探讨磁共振成像检查在常见胎儿中枢神经系统先天发育异常中的应用价值。方法回顾性比较分析43例58处在常规超声产前检查中诊断或疑似胎儿中枢神经系统发育异常,并行磁共振检查病例的超声及磁共振检查资料。结果 43例58处超声诊断或疑似胎儿中枢神经系统先天发育异常病例中,经临床随访检查确诊或引产解剖证实共36例55处胎儿中枢神经系统先天发育异常。超声检查诊断符合率为68.66%,诊断阳性率为79.31%;磁共振检出中枢神经系统先天发育异常36例53处,与超声诊断一致36例47处,更正超声诊断11处,新发现病灶8处,诊断符合率为96.36%,经随访检查证实,2处中枢神经系统先天发育异常病例磁共振未明确诊断。结论磁共振检查在显示胎儿中枢神经系统先天发育异常,以及明确诊断方面具有优势。

Objective To explore the application of magnetic resonance imaging in examing the congenital abnormalities of common fetal central nervous system, contrasting with ultrasound check-up. Methods The data of ultrasound examination and magnetic resonance imaging from 58 parts in 43 cases whose fetal central nervous system abnormalities were diagnosed or suspec- ted with routine prenatal ultrasonic examination, were contrasting analysed retrospectively. Results Among the diagnosed or suspected fetal central nervous system with abnormalities ab- stracted from 58 parts in 43 cases, 55 parts of 36 cases were confirmed as fetal central nervous system congenital anomaly, diagnosed definitely by clinical following check-up or by induced abortions. Ultrasound diagnosis coincidence rate was 68.66% and the positive rate was 79.31% ; 53 parts of 36 cases of central nervous system were diagnosed as congenital aplasia through magnetic resonance imaging detection, meanwhile 47 parts of 36 cases were consistent with the ultrasonic diagnosis, correcting 11 ultrasound diagnosis, finding 8 new lesions. Therefore the diagnostic coincidence rate was 96.36%. Two cases of congenital anomalies of the central nervous system were not clearly diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） which was confirmed by the follow-up examination. Conclusion MRI has advantages in indicating as well as explicitly diagnosing fetal congenital anomalies in central nervous system.