三种不同免疫检测法对乙肝血清学标志物检测的结果比较

Comparative Study of the Results of Three Different Methods for Detection of HBV Markers

目的比较酶联免疫吸附法、化学发光免疫分析法、胶体金免疫层析法三种方法检测乙肝五项血清学标志物的结果。方法采集2016年1月—2017年12月我院肝病门诊103例就诊患者清晨空腹静脉血,分离血清,分别采用酶联免疫吸附法、化学发光免疫分析法、胶体金法检测乙肝五项血清标志物。结果乙肝五项血清标志物阳性率高低依次为:化学发光免疫分析法、酶联免疫吸附法、胶体金法;以病理学诊断为标准,化学发光免疫分析法检测HBsAg的灵敏度和特异性均高于酶联免疫吸附法和胶体金免疫层析法,三种方法检测HBsAg的灵敏度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而三种方法检测HBsAg特异性差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论化学发光免疫分析法检测乙肝表面抗原灵敏度和特异性均较高,但三种方法均有优缺点,根据临床不同检测目的选择合适的检测方法。

Objective To compare the results of ELISA, chemolumin- escence immunoassay and colloidal gold method for detection of HBV markers. Methods The morning fasting venous blood of 103 subjects from January 2016 to December 2017 were obtained to detect HBV markers by ELISA, chemoluminescence immunoassay and colloidal gold method. Results The positive rate of 5 makers of hepatitis B from high to low in turn was chemoluminescence immunoassay, ELISA and colloidal gold method. The sensitivity and specificity for HBsAg by ehemoluminescence immunoassay was higher than ELISA and colloidal gold method on the basis of pathological diagnosis. There were significant differences of sensitivity of HBsAg by 3 different methods （P 〈 0.05）. There was no significant difference of specificity of HBsAg by 3 different methods （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion Each of the methods has its own advantage and shortage and the sensitivity and specificity of chemoluminescence immunoassay is higher.