气溶胶中抗生素抗性基因研究进展:以养殖场和医院为例

Progress in Research on Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Aerosols: Take Farms and Hospitals as Examples

抗生素在医药和养殖业的大量使用导致耐药菌的出现,加速了抗生素抗性基因(antibiotic resistance genes,ARGs)在不同环境介质中的传播扩散,抗生素耐药性已成为目前全球卫生、食品安全和发展的最大威胁之一。气溶胶作为ARGs的潜在储存库缺乏系统的研究数据,而通过空气传播具有较高抗生素抗性水平的细菌可能是引起重要疾病的主要传播途径。本文针对养殖场和医院2个抗生素大量使用的典型场所,对气溶胶中ARGs的污染现状、样品采集与检测技术进行综述,并探讨了这一环境污染的潜在风险,表明开展气溶胶中ARGs研究的必要性,并为以后需开展的工作提出几点建议。

The widely use of antibiotics in health care and stock breeding industry resulted in the increasing emergence of antibiotic resistance bacteria and accelerated the spread of antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs） in various ambient medium. Antibiotic resistance has become one of the biggest threats to global health, food safety and socie- ty development. Although aerosols have potential to carry on ARGs, there＇ s a lack of systematic research. Indeed, aerial transportation of the antibiotic resistance bacteria may be a main route of important diseases spreading. Through the investigation of two typical places （hospitals and livestock farms） with large-scale usage of antibiotics,this paper summarizes the research progress of ARGs in aerosols, and the methods that can be used for sampling and detection. The evaluation of the potential health risks of ARGs in aerosols indicates the necessity of carrying out researches on this topic in the future.