基于北斗GEO卫星反射信号的渤海海冰检测

Bohai coastal sea ice detection using BeiDou GEO satellite reflected signals

随着全球导航卫星系统反射信号(GNSS-R)的提出,其在海冰检测领域的应用也越来越广泛。北斗地球同步轨道(GEO)卫星的角速度较小且仰角变化仅有3°~4°,因此在相同观测地点其镜面反射点的空间位置非常稳定,可以提高特定区域海冰检测的时间分辨率。对在中国渤海湾进行的2次岸基海冰检测实验(2015年1月24日和2016年1月30日至2月4日)进行分析,验证了北斗GEO B1反射信号对沿岸海冰进行长时间连续检测的可行性。第1个实验结果显示海冰密集度与2颗GEO卫星C01和C03的极化比值结果具有相关性;第2个实验结果显示3颗GEO卫星C01、C02和C03检测的海冰极化比值与大气温度存在正相关关系,其中C01、C02和C03的极化比值与大气温度的相关值分别为0.61、0.72和0.57。

With the development of global navigation satellite system reflected signals（ GNSS-R）,its application to sea ice detection has increased recently. The angular speed of BeiDou geostationary earth orbit（ GEO） satellite is small and the angle of elevation varies for only 3-4 degrees. Therefore,the space position of the specular reflection point at the same observation site is stable. The stable elevation of BeiDou GEO satellite can increase the time resolution of sea ice detection. In this paper,two experiments were performed in Bohai Bay of China to detect coastal sea ice using BeiDou GEO satellite reflected signals on January 24,2015 and from January 30 to February 4,2016. This paper applies the feasibility of long time continuous detection of coastal sea ice by the Beidou GEO B1 reflection signal. The first experimental results showed that sea ice concentration is correlated with the polarization ratio of Beidou GEO satellites C01 and C03. The second experimental results show that there is a positive correlation between the sea ice polarization ratio detected by GPS GEO satellites C01 and C02 and C03,and the relative values of C01,C02 and C03 polarization ratio to atmospheric temperature are 0. 61,0. 72 and 0. 57,respectively.