德国保安监禁制度的晚近发展

Recent Development of Prevenriue Detention in German Criminal law

保安监禁是现行德国刑法中最具争议的制度，对该刑事制裁措施的争论可追溯到李斯特和宾丁、贝林的“学派之争”。战后以及晚近以来，保安监禁的适用范围被频繁修改，改革使该制度获得了继续存在下去的合法性依据。但是有关保安监禁这项刑事制裁措施是否为“刑罚”的问题上，德国联邦宪法法院和欧洲人权法院由于其基本立场不同，因此仍然存在分歧。

Security and Detention is the most controversial system in current German Criminal Law,the disputes on which can be dated back to the Dispute of Schools among List,Binding and Behring. Since the end of World War II and the Opium War,there have been frequent modifications of the application range of Security and Detention System. And constant reforms have given it legitimate accordance for continuing existence. However,there still exists disputes on whether or not this system should fall into the category of criminal penalty because German Federal Constitutional Court and European Court of Human Rights hold different standpoints.