社会主要矛盾转化与民生建设发展

Transformation of Major Social Contradictions and Improvement of People's Wellbeing

社会主要矛盾的转化是全局性、历史性的变化。在这个矛盾中,人民日益增长的美好生活需要是我们的奋斗目标,不平衡不充分的发展则是目前面临的最大实际。人民对美好生活的需要是分层次的,首先是极少数还处于贫困状态人口的脱贫需要和全体人民的安全需要,然后是进一步发展的需要,包括融入人群共同体的需要、对民主法治公平正义的期待,以及得到自我实现的愿望。不平衡不充分的发展主要表现在社会建设滞后于经济建设,民生建设成了短板;政府主导的公共物品和服务供给滞后于市场激励的私人物品和服务供给。为解决社会主要矛盾,不断创造美好生活,当务之急就是紧紧围绕民生需要,完善公共服务体系,提供数量更多、质量更好的纯公共物品即安全和准公共物品如就业、教育、医疗、居住、养老等。为此,就要拓宽公共服务的项目范围,健全公共服务的递送体系,扩充公共服务的供给主体,并允许人民群众自我服务。对民生建设的重视程度及其发展水平,已成为检验党和政府人民性的试金石。

The transformation of the major contradictions in Chinese society is comprehensive and historic. What we now face is the contradiction between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life. People’s needs for a better life are hierarchical. At the first level lies the needs of very few people living in poverty and the security needs of all people; and next comes the needs for further development, which includes the need for integration into communities, democracy, the rule of law, equity and justice, as well as self-fulfillment. Unbalanced development mainly manifests itself in the lagging of social advancement behind economic development, resulting in areas of weakness in improving people’s well-being. Government-led public goods and services are underdeveloped compared with market driven private goods and services. For the purpose of addressing the principal contradiction facing Chinese society and building a better life, it is imperative to improve public services, provide more and better security as pure public goods, as well as provide more and better jobs, education, health care, housing and elderly care services as quasi-public goods. To this end, it is necessary to broaden public services, improve delivery of public services, engage more public service providers and encourage self-service. The nature of the party and of the government is determined by the importance they attach to people’s well-being and the level of people’s well-being.