职业福利补充功能的定位研究——基于中国企业职业福利转型视角

Positioning of the Supplementary Role of Occupational Welfare: From the Perspective of the Transformation of Occupational Welfare in Chinese Enterprises

市场经济条件下,职业福利与国家福利之间存在着功能补充关系。中国从计划经济向市场经济的转型,伴随着企业职业福利制度从与国家福利的混合体转向补充国家福利。从政策层面看两者的功能补充关系较为明确,但实践方面看两者的补充关系并不充分。企业职业福利发展中存在着形式补充与内容补充的失衡,为实现企业职业福利与市场经济相匹配的功能转型,中国需要构建平衡型企业职业福利,实现职业福利在项目类型、项目实现形式、项目覆盖范围等方面的平衡。

Occupational welfare and state welfare are complementary in the case of a market economy. As China transformed from a planned to a market economy, the role of occupational welfare in enterprises changes from being an ingredient of state welfare to a supplement to state welfare. The supplementary role of occupational welfare and social security is explicit in policies, but indistinct in practice. China’s occupational welfare has some problems including unbalanced structure, shortage of supply and narrow coverage. To transform the role of China’s occupational welfare to accommodate a market economy, China needs to build a well-balanced occupational welfare system in enterprises which strikes the balance between different types of programs, cash and in-kind benefits, and different groups of employees.