论特别权力关系理论在中国高等教育领域的当代价值

A Discussion on the Theoretic Value of Special Power Relationship in the Field of Higher Education in Contemporary China

论文在肯定中国公立高校与学生的关系是一种以习惯法形式存在的、"无名有实"的、事实上的特别权力关系的基础上,批判传统的特别权力关系理论,并重点论述改造后的特别权力关系理论(尤其是重要性理论和部分社会说)对我国高等教育法制建设所具有的重要价值。论文认为,经改造后的特别权力关系理论,有助于区分公立高校事务的类型和明确各自的法律性质;有助于明确公立高校如何在符合教育目的之限度内合理规制学者和学生权利;有助于指导立法、司法、行政权在高等教育领域的权力重构。最后,论文认为,公立高校和学生的特别权力关系的发展趋势是,法律保留原则将在这一领域适用,学生权利将获得更好的司法救济,高校内部管理程序和救济程序将得到完善。

This paper affirms that the relation between China's public institutions of higher education and the students is a sort of Special Power Relationship, which exists in the form of unwritten law and has real impact on the practice though there is not such a term.Based on criticizing the traditional theory of Special Power Relationship,the paper focuses on the high value of the reformative theory of Special Power Relationship,especially the theory of Importance and the theory of Partial Society,in building our country's higher education legal system.The paper considers that this theory can help to classify the affairs in the public institution of higher education and define the legal nature of each affair;under the guidance of educational purpose,it can help to explain how to maintain the academic freedom of professors and the necessary discipline in school and how to confirm reasonable moral obligations of students;it can help to guide the power-reconstruction of legislative power, judicial power and administrative power in the field of higher education.Finally, the author thinks the trends of Special Power Relationship in the field of higher education are that,the principle of legal reservation will be applied, student rights will obtain judicial remedy,and internal administrative and internal remedy procedures in the public institution of higher education will be perfected.