湛甘泉书院教育成就探析

On the Academy Education of Zhan Ganquan

湛甘泉以书院作为学术活动的场所,一方面传播心学思想,一方面培养心学人才,在很大程度上引领了明代书院和心学的蓬勃发展。湛甘泉从事书院教育长达55年,所创建与修复的书院涉及广东地区的有22所,外省的有13所。正是由于湛甘泉对书院的钟情,才使得广东书院数量后来居上,在有明一代跃居全国第三,仅次于江西、浙江,首开广东书院的勃兴局面,有力推动了岭南学术文化的发展与繁荣。而湛甘泉书院教育之所以成就斐然,与其对书院管理有章有法、"随处体认天理"为学宗旨和"二业合一"教育理念密不可分。

In his academy Zhan Ganquan both spread the philosophy of the mind and trained young philosophers,which significantly developed the academy system and the philosophy of the mind in the Ming Dynasty.In his 55 years devotion to academy education,Zhan established and renovated 22academies in Guangdong,and 13 in other provinces.Thanks to Zhan’s efforts,the Ming Dynasty witnessed the number of academies in Guangdong rising to the greatest among Chinese provinces except Jiangxi and Zhejiang,and the prosperity of Guangdong academies greatly promoted Lingnan culture and scholarship.The achievements of Zhan’s academy education came from his efficient management,his tenets stressing identification with heavenly principle,and his educational idea highlighting both morality and learning.