冲突、认同与融合:汕头绅民与中西新学堂之关系——以清末民初岭东同文、华英、聿怀中学堂为研究中心

Conflict, Identity and Integration: the Relation between Shantou Officials and Populace and New Schools——With a Focus on Lingdong Tongwen, Huaying and Yuhuai Schools of the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China

汕头开埠后,传教士和地方开明士绅开办的新学校是年轻人获知西方的科学文化、宗教文明最有效的途径。然而,汕头官绅与民众心中的保守思想、民族情怀,让新学在汕头的传播和发展坎坷不断。传教士与士绅不断因应汕头环境,沟通绅民,以各种变化发展来解决与地方的冲突与困难。通过梳理史料,重现近代中西新式学堂与地方民众间不断的"冲突、认同与融合"的代表性场景,并分析各自的立场及转变,以折射出汕头(教育)近代化的复杂过程。

After the opening of Shantou port, new schools established by missionaries and enlightened gentry became the best means for local youngsters to learn western science and religious culture. Although Shantou officials and populace with their conservatism and nationalism hindered the development of new learning, the missionaries and the enlightened gentry were able to comply with local situation, communicate with local people,and resolve the conflict and problems. This paper studies the conflict, identity and integration between modern new schools and local people, analyzes their standpoints and attempts to reveal the complex modernization of education in Shantou.