《人间词》哲学意蕴新论——从王国维对叔本华哲学的接受谈起

A New Investigation of the Philosophic Connotation of Renjian Ci——Also on Wang Guowei's Reception of Schopenhauerian Philosophy

王国维接受西方哲学尤其是叔本华哲学,大致经历了"膺服推崇""半信半疑""貌合神离"等三个阶段,其中的心路历程和思想转变激发了他《人间词》的创作灵感,可以说《人间词》是王国维哲学观念变化与发展的诗化呈现。王国维有意识地融西方哲理入词,即"力争第一义",故其词境能度越前人,别有一番幽深的意蕴。然而由于王国维过分重直观、重经验,并且受"意志不自由"之观念束缚,致使人生的终极一直无处安放,因此《人间词》的基调在总体上显得颇为低沉。

Wang Guowei's reception of western philosophy, especially Schopenhauer's philosophy, underwent three phases of admiration, suspicion,and deviation. In the process the transformation of his sentiments and thought inspired his creation of Renjian Ci, which, for this reason, is the poetic representation of his philosophic development. Wang Guowei consciously integrated western philosophy into his writing, therefore his ci-poetry is superb in its unique philosophic profundity. However, he emphasized intuitive experience too much and adhered to the doctrine of nonfree will too strictly that he failed to find the ultimate meaning of life, and generally the keynote of Renjian Ci appeared overcast.