贴切自然 神与物游——略论《庄子》散文创作的艺术构思

Appropriate Naturalism and Combination of Spiritual and Physical——From the Artistic Conception of the Prose of Zhuangzi

整部《庄子》散文创作,都鲜明地体现着"神与物游"的艺术构思。庄子在选择与其"神"相游的所有"物象"上,把与其"神"相一致,并忠实地为其"神"服务放在首位;选择充溢着神奇色彩的"物象",用来为表现独特的思想与学说服务;讲究文章"虚"与"实"的交叉融合,使"神与物游"带有飘逸色彩;使用平列式的寓言,强化思想主张;注重叙事与抒情形式的结合,在表现整齐划一的宏大叙事的同时,也把抑扬起伏的诗情画意贯穿其中。《庄子》散文创作的艺术构思,或许能给予我们更多的启示,从而成为阅读与研究《庄子》散文的一种方式。

As a literary writer, Zhuangzi vividly embodies the artistic conception of the ＂Combination of Spiritual and Physical Objects＂ in the whole work of his prose. His choices of ＂Spirit＂ must be consistent with all the ＂objects＂ and faithfully helped the ＂Spirit＂ first. He chose the ＂object＂ with magical colors to interpret his own unique ideas and doctrines. He also paid attention to the idea of combination between virtual image and real image which made the ＂Spirit＂ perfectly dwelled in the specific ＂object＂ and used allegories to strengthen his ideas. He focused on the connection of narration and lyric poetry. Zhuangzi＇ s artistic conception may give us more inspirations, turning to a key of reading and researching of his proses as well.