以“关系理性”回应自然——当代生态文明建设前提性反思

Treating Nature with “Relationship Rationality”——A Precondition for Constructing Contemporary Ecological Civilization

现代社会的环境问题和生态危机日渐成为威胁人类生存的主要问题,传统社会和现代社会中人与自然的关系,经历了以自然为尊到以人为主宰的演变,导致这种转变的根本原因是人类理性形态的转换和变革,即由"客观理性"转变为"主观理性",这既是个人解放的重大成果,也隐藏着巨大的生态危机。二者的逻辑共性和弊端即是"实体思维"。解决危机的根本方法是转换视角,冲破"实体思维"的"总体性"和"同一性"规制,基于"关系理性"的视域,形成彼此尊重、相互承认、互为目的的新型生态关系,使人与自然呈现其自身的合理性,展现其应然状态下的本真面貌,敞开其面向未来发展的可能性,为当代生态文明建设提供前提性的反思。

In modern society, the environmental problems and ecological crisis are becoming the main problems that threaten the survival of mankind. The relationship between human beings and nature in traditional and modern society has gone through the evolution from respecting nature to being dominated by human beings. The fundamental cause of this change is the transformation of human rational form, from＂objective rationality＂ to ＂subjective rationality＂. This is not only a great achievement of individual liberation, but also a huge ecological crisis. The logical commonness and disadvantage of＂ objective rationality＂ and ＂subjective rationality＂ is ＂entity thinking＂. Therefor, The fundamental way to solve the crisis is to change the perspective. We need to break through the regulation of ＂totality＂ and ＂identity＂ of ＂entity thinking＂. And then, based on the perspective of＂ relational rationality＂, we should form a new ecological relationship of mutual respect, mutual recognition and mutual purpose. In this way, the relationship of human beings and nature will present its own reasonableness, show its true appearance under the state of being, and open up the possibility of its development in the future, thus providing an essential prerequisite reflection for the construction of contemporary ecological civilization.