散货船船体结构焊前检验控制要点

Control Points in Pre-welding Inspection on Hull Structure of Bulk Carrier

随着海上船舶大型化的发展,船舶结构的优化设计应尽可能考虑降低空船重量,达到最大化装载的目的。如何在上述极限设计的情况下保证船舶的结构安全是船级社所要解决的重要问题。焊接作为造船过程中的重要环节之一,其质量优劣很大程度上影响船舶的强度,尤其是在某些高应力水平的区域。船级社主要在焊前、焊接过程中和焊后等3个方面控制焊接质量。焊前检验是对焊前定位、装配和间隙控制的检查,主要贯彻预防为主的方针,最大限度地避免或减少装配和坡口的缺陷,是保证焊接质量最积极有效的措施。通过多个典型系列散货船建造检验项目的分段巡检,中组、合龙焊前检验,系统归纳检验和巡检中发现的各类问题,对焊前检验的要点进行详细总结,也为其他船型的焊前检验提供参考和指导。

With the development of large size ships, the optimal design of hull structure isconsidered to reduce the weight of the empty ship and achieve maximum loading. How to en-sure the safety of the ship in the case of the uhimate design is an important issue for the classi-fication societies. As the most important part of shipbuilding, the quality of welding affectsthe strength of the ship greatly, especially in some areas with high stress. The welding qualityis mainly controlled by the classification society in three aspects pre-welding, the weldingprocess and after welding. The pre-welding inspection is the inspection of positioning, assem-bling and clearance control in the process of ship construction. The principle of prevention iscarried out mainly. The defects of assembling and groove are minimized and reduced. The a-bove methods are the most active and effective way to ensure the welding quality. The mainpoints of the pre-welding inspection are summarized in detail through the sectional inspectionof the construction of a number of typical bulk carriers, including the inspection of the group,the pre-closure welding, and the system generalization inspection, which can provide referenceand guidance for future inspection.