中国省域信息流、资金流强度的空间差异——以2015年京东手机交易为例

The Spatial Difference of the Intensity of Information and Capital Flow in Chinese Provincial Region: A Case Study of Mobile Phone Transactions in Jingdong Mall in 2015

以京东七大物流中心及其覆盖范围划分省市群。将抓取得到的京东商城2015年手机交易记录与中国统计年鉴相关数据相结合,研究影响信息流和资金流（简称＂双流＂）强度的可能因素,重点分析省域层面＂双流＂强度的空间差异,研究结果表明：（1）信息基础设施、经济发展水平等已取代地理距离,成为影响＂双流＂强度的主要因素;（2）广东、北京、上海、江苏、浙江等省市为＂双流＂核心区;（3）网络资金流量分层现象明显,呈＂金字塔＂形分布;（4）各省市群之间的空间联系存在差异,北京、上海、广东所在省市群的空间联系明显高于其它省市群;（5）各省市群内部成员发展不平衡,中心省市对＂双流＂贡献力最大。

227 562 transaction records about mobile phones in 2015 has been fetched from Jingdong Mall website by using the web crawler in this article. Then, these records were used together with some relevant data in the China Statistical Yearbook 2015, while Arc GIS software was used to reflect some relevant information in the geographical space. Then the following content are analyzed： 1） The possible factors which may have an impact on the intensity of information flow and capital flow（for the convenience of description, the follow-up referred to as the＂Two Flows＂） and the space likage degree were analyzed by using SPSS and other tools; 2）The spatial difference of the＂Two Flows＂was studied, while the Gini coefficient was introduced to evaluate its spatial concentration; 3） The province groups have been divided according to the seven logistics centers of Jingdong Mall and their business coverage, and then the network space differences between each province/city group was analyzed; 4） The Theil index was introduced to analyze the internal differences of each province/city group. The results show that： 1） The intensity of the＂Two Flows＂could be affected by some factors such as the level of information infrastructure, economic development and residents＇ consumption; 2） There is obvious spatial differences in the intensity of the＂Two Flows＂, however, from a national point of view, it has a high degree of spatial concentration, where the core active area are mainly concentrated in Guangdong, Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Zhejiang and other provinces; 3） There is also a time difference in the intensity of the＂Two Flows＂, appearing as that the intensity in the second half of the year is much stronger than that in the first half; 4） The capital flow in the network space appears obvious stratification phenomenon and assumes the＂pyramid＂shape distribution： Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Shandong, Sichuan, Jiangsu, Hebei,Zhejiang, Hubei, Hunan, Chongqing, Henan, Anhui, Shaanxi and other provinces are in the middle or upper layer of the＂pyramid＂, while western provinces and some central provinces are at the bottom; 5） From the top of the＂pyramid＂to the bottom, their members＇ contribution to the whole capital flow reduce gradually. 6） Taken the seven province groups as a whole, there is difference in the degree of spatial linkage： the members of those groups where Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong Province included are more closely related to each other than others; 7） Thinking each province group singly, the development level of its members is unbalanced, appearing that the central provinces have the greatest contribution to the＂Two Flows＂; 8） The geographical distance has been replaced by the level of information infrastructure and economic development, and is no longer the main factor that affects the intensity of the＂Two Flows＂. In view of above analysis, this article thinks the＂area responsible scheme＂should be adopt to strengthen communication between the relevant provinces who are at different layers in the＂pyramid＂, and enhance the promotion and draw function of those provinces who at a higher layer to the lowers, thereby reducing the space differences of＂Two Flows＂between different provinces in intensity.