初产妇配偶心理健康状况及相关因素分析

Mental health status and related influence factors in the spouses of primipara

目的调查分析初产妇配偶的心理健康状况及相关因素，为提高产科护理质量提供理论依据。方法在产后42 d采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对初产妇配偶（n=200）的心理健康状况进行测评。结果初产妇配偶的躯体化症状、强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑因子分均高于常模，差异有统计学意义（t值分别为13.87、3.34、8.75、7.57、6.49；P〈0.01）。无稳定工作的初产妇配偶的躯体化症状、强迫、焦虑、恐怖以及精神病性因子评分高于有稳定工作的初产妇配偶，差异有统计学意义（t值分别为2.58、2.85、1.98、2.28、2.02；P〈0.05）。此外，非计划妊娠、未参加产前培训、新生儿睡眠时间〈10 h、外地户籍和主干家庭的初产妇配偶的SCL-90部分因子评分高于相应的对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论妊娠分娩影响初产妇配偶的心理健康，应将初产妇配偶纳入围产期保健工作中。

ObjectiveTo investigate the mental health status and related influence factors in the spouses of primipara, and to provide theoretical evidence of improving the quality of nursing care.Methods The symptom checklist 90 （SCL-90） was used to investigate the mental health status of primipara spouses （n=200） on the 42nd day after delivery.ResultsThe participants had significantly higher scores of somatization （SOM） , obsessive-compulsive （O-C） , interpersonal sensitivity （I-S） , depression （DEP） , and anxiety （ANX） compared with the norms （t=13.87, 3.34, 8.75, 7.57, 6.49; P〈0.01） . Spouses without stable work had significantly higher scores of SOM, O-C, ANX, phobic anxiety （PHOB） and Psychoticism （PSY） compared with those with stable work （t=2.58, 2.85, 1.98, 2.28, 2.02; P〈0.05） . Furthermore, the SCL-90 scores were significantly higher in those who had an unplanned pregnancy, an absence of prenatal training, short neonatal sleep time （〈10 h） , non-native residence in Beijing, and lived within stem families （P〈0.05） .ConclusionsThe mental health of the primipara spouses can be affected by the pregnancy and delivery, who should be included in the perinatal care program.