大型艾美耳球虫生物学特性研究

Study on Biological Characteristics of Eimeria magna

为了掌握大型艾美耳球虫原始株的生物学特性,通过对大型艾美耳球虫原始株的潜隐期、致病性、免疫原性及药敏特性等方面进行研究。结果表明,大型艾美耳球虫原始株的潜隐期为168h,孢子化所需时间为37h^42h;在致病性试验中,不同接种剂量的显露期和排卵高峰一致,但卵囊产量不同,其中接种剂量为5×10~3个卵囊组的产卵囊量最多,与对照组相比,各感染组均出现不同程度的临床症状和病理变化。在免疫原性试验中,低剂量免疫(100个卵囊)可以对30 000个卵囊的攻虫量产生完全的保护力。在药敏试验中,根据临床表现、卵囊排出量、饲料转化率判断,大型艾美耳球虫对3种抗球虫药的药效最好是莫能菌素,药效最低的是氯苯胍。大型艾美耳球虫原始株致病性较强,免疫原性良好,对莫能菌素敏感,即莫能菌素对其有良好的防治效果,可作为防治家兔感染大型艾美耳球虫的首选药之一。

To master the biological characteristics of Eimeria rnagna, this study was performed to study prepatent period, pathogenicity, immunongenicity, drug sensitivity of original strain of Eimeria m agna.The results showed that prepatent period of the original strain of Eirneria magna was 168 h,the period of spor- ulation was 37 h-42 h.In the pathogenicity test,the patent period and peak excreition was consistent at dif- ferent doses of inoculation oocysts,but oocyst output was not the same. The maximum oocyst output was in group 5 X 103 oocysts inoculated.In contrast with the control group, clinical signs and pathological lesions were present in each infection group.In the immunogenicity assay,the rabbits that were challenged with 30 000 oocysts of Eirneria magna produced complete immunoprotection after inoculated with 100 oocysts.In the drug sensitivity test,the efficacy of three anticoccidial drugs against Eimeria rnagna was judged ac- cording to clinical symptoms,oocyst output, feed conversion rate,the highest efficacy in the group of mon- ensin,and the lowest efficacy in the group of robenidine.The Eimeria magna had high virulence and immu- nogenicity in rabbits,and monensin can be used as preferred drug to control Eimeria magna.