野生反刍动物心水病研究进展

Progress on Heartwater in Wild Ruminants

心水病是由反刍动物埃立克体引起的一种急性、致死性的蜱传反刍动物传染病。该病不但可以使家养反刍动物发病,还可以使野生反刍动物发病,对野生动物及野生环境造成极大的危害和污染。论文从心水病的历史及地理分布、病原学、流行病学、临床症状、检测方法、发病机制、疫苗,进口野生动物传入心水病的风险分析及口岸防控措施等方面进行了综述,旨在为野生反刍动物心水病的检测与防控研究提供参考。

Heartwater is an acute, fatal, infectious, tick-borne rickettsial disease of ruminants caused by Ehr- lichia ruminantium and transmitted by Arnblyomrna ticks.The pathogen could not only cause the disease of domestic ruminants, but also could cause the disease of wild ruminants, resulting in great harm and pol- lution to environment.The objective of this study aimed to clarify the epidemiology,the clinical symptoms, the detection methods, the pathogenesis, the vaccination, risk analysis of transmission of heartwater by im- porting the wild animals from aboard, the prevention and control measures that should be taken by ports. Through the review of mentioned aspects above, the theoretical support and technical reference for the de- tection,prevention and control of wild ruminant heartwater disease were offered.