美洲大蠊化学成分和药理活性

Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities of Periplaneta americana

美洲大蠊为传统药用昆虫,在我国分布广泛,入药历史悠久。众多学者运用现代的科学技术对其成分研究发现,美洲大蠊化学成分主要为蛋白质多肽类、核苷类、糖类、脂类、信息素类等,其中蛋白质多肽类和核苷类为主要化学成分和有效活性成分;药理学研究表明美洲大蠊在提高免疫力、抗菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤、促进组织修复等方面均有很好的作用,其中抗肿瘤和促进组织修复领域是当前的研究热点。通过对国内外学者近年来美洲大蠊的最新化学成分和药理活性相关研究资料展开综述,并对美洲大蠊在药品、保健品和日化用品方面的开发利用前景进行展望,为深入开发和利用美洲大蠊提供参考。

Periplaneta americana as a traditional medicinal insect, has a long history of medicinal applica- tion and is widely found in all regions of China.Many scholars use modern science and technology to study its components.Periplaneta americana consists mainly of proteins, polypeptides, nucleosides, polysaccha- rides, pheromones, isoflavones, etc. Among them, proteins, polypeptides and nucleosides are the main chemical components and active ingredients.Pharmacological studies indicate that it is effective in enhan- cing immunity, promoting tissue repair, antibacteria, anti-inflammation and anti-tumor.And the research for anti-tumor and promoting tissue repair has recently become two of the hottest topics of research.This paper summarized the recent studies on the constituents and pharmacological activities of Periplaneta america- na, and described the future development and utilization of Periplaneta americana in medicine, health care products and household chemicals for providing theoretical reference for further research and development.