大学生失恋哀伤过程的定性研究

A qualitative research of grief process after lovelorn in college students

目的:了解大学生失恋后哀伤反应及由此体现的哀伤阶段特征,为相关心理服务提供依据。方法:运用定性研究方法,招募并筛选谈恋爱分手1年以上的11名在校大学生进行半结构化访谈,对访谈录音做誊录编码后进行分析。结果:失恋的哀伤阶段分为初分手时情绪、行为反应强烈,情绪低落、行为减少或转移注意痴迷其他事情,寻找与分手者的连接,放下感情、适应和准备开始新的生活4个阶段;在分手初期男、女在反应方式上会有不同,且恋爱主动分手者在此阶段存在轻松、愧疚等情绪反应;如果分手对方找到新的男/女朋友易再次引发较强烈情感反应;因客观原因分手者其哀伤反应中对未来有明显的期待。结论:大学生失恋后具有明显的哀伤反应和呈现一定的阶段性,同时性别、分手过程中主客观因素也会引发的一些特定哀伤反应需要予以关注。

Objective： To understand grief stages, grief reactions and grief pathways of college student after lovelorn, in order to provide basis for psychological services. Methods： Totally 11 college students who were bro- ken-up for at least 1 year were recruited and screened. Qualitative research methods and semi-structured interviews were used in this study. After the interview, the recording was copied out into transcripts and was analyzed. Results： The grief stages after lovelorn could be divided into ＂strong emotions and behavior＂, ＂depression and decreased be- havior or transfer notice obsessed with other things＂, ＂looking for connection with the break up＂, and ＂put feelings, fit and ready to start a new life＂. There were also some specific grief reaction. During the first grief stage, people with different gender had different reactions, and the one who proposed breakup would feel relaxed and guilty. If the ex-lover began with a new relationship, it would easily lead to emotional reaction again. People with objective rea- sons for breakup would have expectations for the future. Conclusion： It suggests that college students have obvious grief reactions and grief periods after lovelorn. Gender, subjective or objective factors may lead to specific grief re- actions, which should be paid more attention to.