当代中国工人阶级状况的理论阐释

A Theoretical Interpretation of the Situation of the Contemporary Chinese Working Class

在马克思的视野里,工人阶级的实质是无产阶级,是现代社会主义运动的主体,是一个"总体工人"的概念。在社会主义制度下,工人阶级成为"有产阶级",具有政治性、整体性和先进性的特质。从外延上看,当代中国工人阶级是一个结构复杂、层次多样的广义的社会主体范畴。其主要特征是,市场经济条件下,工人阶级的分布由单一趋向复杂;工人阶级的队伍壮大、功能增强;工人阶级结构有了阶层分化和重组;工人阶级的阶级意识呈现多样化、个体化。在经济全球化的大背景下,应提升国家对社会转型发展的驾驭和调控能力,巩固和扩大党的阶级基础;促进工人阶级的团结和谐,形成政治认同和文化认同的高度统一。

In the view of Marx, the essence of the working class is the proletariat, the main body of the modern socialist movement and the concept of a ＂overall worker＂. Under the socialist system, the working class has become a ＂productive class＂ and has the characteristics of politics, integrity and advanced nature. From the aspect of extension, the contemporary Chinese working class is a broad social subject category with complex structure and va- rious levels. Its main feature is that under the condition of market economy the distribution of the working class is complicated by a single trend. The ranks of the working class have grown and their functions are increasing. The working class structure has a stratification and reorganization. The class consciousness of the working class is diversified and individualized. We should enhance the ability of the state to control and regulate the social transformation and development, consolidate and expand the party＇s class base, and promote the unity and harmony of the working class to form a high unity of political and cultural identity.