山东省艾滋病流行特征分析

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS in Shandong Province

目的分析山东省艾滋病(AIDS)流行特征,为预防控制措施的制定提供参考依据。方法对1992-2016年山东省报告的艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和AIDS病例的流行病学资料进行统计分析。结果山东省1992-2016年累计报告HIV/AIDS病例10 808例,年报告病例数呈上升趋势;病例报告数居前5位的为济南、青岛、临沂、菏泽和潍坊市,病例数占总报告数的55.21%。性传播成为AIDS的主要传播途径,其中男男同性性传播占57.32%,异性性传播占34.03%;男女性别比为6.32∶1;青壮年为主要感染人群,15~44岁年龄组占80.78%,高中及以下文化程度者占71.68%;户籍以本省为主,占88.22%;职业以农民、家政、家务及待业为主,占43.29%。结论山东省HIV/AIDS疫情形势严峻,且存在地区差异,性传播为主要传播途径,需要进一步加大综合防治力度。

Objectives To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV/AIDS in Shandong Province and to provide a basis for HIV prevention and control. Methods Data on HIV/AIDS were obtained from HIV/AIDS Comprehen- sive Response Information Management System. Epidemiological data on people infected with HIV and patients with AIDS in Shandong Province from 1992 to 2016 were analyzed. Results A total 10,808 cases of HIV/AIDS were re- ported from 1992 to 2016, and this number has tended to increase each year. Cities with the leading numbers of reported cases were Jinan, Qingdao, Linyi, Heze, and Weifang, where 55.21% of all cases were reported. The main route of transmission was by sex, with male homosexual transmission accounting for 57.32% and heterosexual transmission ac- counting for 34.03%. The ratio of male to female patients was 6.32：1. Most of the people infected were younger; 80. 78% of patients were ages 15 to 44. More than 71.68% of the people infected had a high school or lower level of education. Eighty-eight-point-two-two percent of reported HIV/AIDS cases involved residents of Shandong Province. Most （43. 29%） of the people infected were farmers, household staff, or unemployed. Conclusion HIV/AIDS is highly prevalent in Shandong Province. Its prevalence differs by geography and its main route of transmission is by sex. More at- tention should be paid to prevention and control efforts.