摘要
目的研究住院患者感染真菌的流行病学特点及影响因素,为真菌感染的控制提供指导。方法2014-2016年1 725例住院患者的临床资料及送检标本,分离鉴定真菌,描述和分析真菌感染情况及相关因素。结果1 725例患者标本中共分离真菌406株,其中2014年74株,2015年217株,2016年115株;菌种分别为:白色假丝酵母菌173株(42.61%),光滑假丝酵母菌116株(28.57%),热带假丝酵母菌77株(18.97%),近平滑假丝酵母菌40株(9.85%)。分离真菌的主要科室来源:ICU 239株(58.87%),肾脏病科64株(15.76%),神经外科36株(8.87%),心血管外科20株(4.93%),肝胆外科12株(2.96%),其他科室35株(8.62%)。真菌标本来源:尿液309株(76.11%),血液33株(8.13%),分泌物31株(7.64%),引流液13株(3.20%),穿刺液6株(1.48%),胸透液6株(1.48%),其他标本8株(1.97%)。住院时间、基础疾病种类、联合使用抗菌药物情况与患者真菌感染有相关性,真菌感染与性别无关。结论2014-2016年住院患者感染的主要真菌类型主要为白色假丝酵母菌,主要来源于ICU,以尿液为主,真菌感染以泌尿道感染为多见,且真菌感染发生与患者住院时间较长、基础疾病种类以及治疗中联合使用抗菌药物相关。
Objective To examine the epidemiological features of fungal infections in inpatients in order to guide the control of fungal infections. Methods Clinical data and laboratory samples were collected from 1 725 inpatients from 2014--2016, and fungi were isolated and identified. The status of fungal infection and related factors were described and analyzed. Results Four hundred and six strains of fungi were isolated from 1 725 patient samples, including 74 strains isolated in 2014, 217 isolated in 2015, and 115 isolated in 2016. Fungi included 173 strains (42.61%) of Candida albi- cans, 116 strains (28.57%) of C. glabrata, 77 strains (18.97%) of C. tropicalis, and 40 strains (9.85%) of C. pa- rapsilosis. Two hundred and thirty-nine strains of fungi were isolated from the ICU (58.87%), 64 were isolated from Nephrology (15.76%), 36 were isolated from Neurosurgery (8. 87%), 20 were isolated from Cardiovascular Surgery (4.93%), 12 were isolated from Liver and Gallbladder Surgery (2.96%), and 35 were isolated from other departments (8.62 %). Three hundred and nine strains of fungi (76.11%) were isolated from urine samples, 33 (8.13 %) were isola- ted from blood, 31 (4. 05%) were isolated from secretions, 13 (3.20%) were isolated from drainage fluid, 6 (1.48%) were isolated from aspirated fluid, 6 (1.48%) were isolated from pleural liquid, and 8 (1.97%) were isolated from other samples. The duration of hospitalization, the patient's underlying disease, and combined use of antimicrobials were associ- ated with a fungal infection, but a fungal infection was not associated with gender. Conclusion The main type of fun- gus infecting inpatients from 2014--2016 was C. a lbicans, and infections primarily originated from the ICU. Strains of fungi were mainly isolated from urine samples, and a urinary tract infection was common in patients with a fungal infec- tion. The development of a fungal infection was related to a longer duration of hospitalization, the patient's underlying dis- ease, and the combined use of antimicrobials.
出处
《中国病原生物学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期79-82,共4页
Journal of Pathogen Biology
关键词
真菌
白色假丝酵母菌
流行病学
感染因素
Fungus
Candida albicans
epidemiological characteristics
related factors