从科学教育到STS通识教育

From Scientific Education to General Education of STS

科学的专业化教育是现代化的需求,但容易使科学遗忘其得以起源与发展的生活世界,使人们无法正确理解科学的意义与价值。哈佛大学式的科学史通识教育是一种"理性重构"的宏大叙事,无法从根本上解决专业教育所带来的问题。原因在于两者都是基于逻辑实证论的哲学理念。20世纪80年代后,随着科学实践哲学的兴起,人们才开始意识到STS通识教育的价值与意义,并寻找出一条解决问题的有效途径。

The professional education on science is demand of modernization. However, it is easy for science to forget its meaning basis-live world, and it is impossible for people to understand the value and significance of science. The general education of history of science in Harvard style is a grand narrative of "rational reconstruction", which can`t resolve the crisis from professional education. The reason is that both are based on logical positivism. From the 1980 of the 20 th century, with appearance of the philosophy of science in practice, people are aware of the value and meaning of STS as a general education, and find an effective approach to solve the crisis.