软材料表面形貌调控与应用研究进展

Research Progress in Tunable Surface Morphology in Soft Materials and Applications

自然界不同生物表面形貌的特殊功能与作用吸引了众多学者的研究兴趣,而基于软硬材料层状复合结构的表面形貌调控近年来也成为一个研究热点。本文首先介绍了软材料表面形貌形成的几种常用方法,包括预拉伸法、热处理法、溶剂溶胀法,为表面形貌的产生提供了途径。然后对软材料表面形貌在众多工程领域,包括流体动力学、光学等方面的应用做了简介,为其更广阔的工程应用提供了借鉴。在此基础上,对表面形貌的产生方法以及软材料在表面形貌主动调控方面的应用发展趋势进行了展望。

The special functions of surface morphology in nature have attracted many scholars' interest,and the control of soft-rigid composites has become a hotspot in recent years.The common soft material surface morphological formation methods,including pre-stretched method,heat treating method and swelling method,were introduced in this paper and a way for the generation of surface morphology was provided.The application of surface morphology in engineering including fluid dynamics,optics,and other fields were introduced,and some ideas for reference in wide engineering application were provided.On the basis of this,the development trend of the active control and generation method of the surface morphology was prospected.