父母用应对方式量表的修订及其在学前残疾儿童家长中的适用性

Revision and Application of the Coping Health Inventory for Parents among the Chinese Parents with Preschool Disabled Children

目的:修订父母用应对方式量表(The Coping Health Inventory for Parents,CHIP),检验修订后量表在学前残疾儿童父母群体中的信度和效度,并揭示学前残疾儿童父母应对方式水平与特点。方法:以307名学龄前残疾儿童父母为对象进行问卷调查,并在6周后对其中53人进行重测。结果:修订后量表在原45个条目基础上保留40个条目,因素分析结果维持三个因子;总量表及三个分量表的α系数在0.816以上,分量表重测信度为0.354~0.492(P<0.01);各分量表与校标量表的相关分析结果显示出良好的效标关联效度。验证性因素分析指标均符合测量学要求。学前残疾儿童父母积极应对方式水平较低,在父母性别、家庭收入、儿童残疾类别与残疾程度因素上存在显著差异。结论:修订后父母用应对方式量表在学前残疾儿童家长群体中的信度、效度较高,可以作为考察学前残疾儿童家长应对方式特点的理想工具。

Objective： To revise The Coping Health Inventory for Parents（ CHIP） and examine its validity and reliability among the Chinese parents with preschool disable children. It also reveals the level and characteristics of parents＇ coping style of preschool disabled children. Methods： Data were collected from a sample of 307 parents with disable children with 53 parents retested on the basis of the initial survey six weeks later. Results： 40 items of the 45-CHIP should be retained with three factors taking into consideration in the factor analysis. Cronbach＇s α of the whole scale and its subscales were above 0.816,and that of the subscales ranged from 0. 354-0. 492（ P 0. 01）. Significant correlations were found between the empathy quotient and three subscales of the CHIP. The results of CFA showed that questionnaire fitted the data with well construet validity. The indexes of confirmatory factor analysis were all in conformity with the requirements of measurement. The level of parents＇ positive coping style of preschool disabled children is relatively lower,and there are significant differences in parents＇ sex,family income,children＇s disability categories and the degrees of disability. Conclusion： The Revised Coping Health Inventory for Parents has high reliability and validity in the parents group of preschool disabled children. It can be used as an ideal tool to investigate the parents＇ coping styles of preschool children with disabilities.