医院获得性肺炎的病原学及耐药趋势

Aetiology and antimicrobial resistance of hospital-acquired pneumonia

医院获得性肺炎是常见的医院获得性感染,在我国医院获得性感染中居首位,其发病率及病死率高,住院时间长,医疗费用高。随着抗菌药物的滥用,免疫抑制疗法的发展及广泛应用等,引起医院获得性肺炎的病原菌更加多样化,耐药现象也越来越严峻。本文对国内外医院获得性肺炎的病原菌分布及耐药情况进行综述,为临床治疗提供参考。

Hospital-acquired pneumonia（HAP） is a prevalent kind of hospital-acquired infections and ranks first among hospital-acquired infections in China. HAP has a high morbidity and mortality, long hospitalization time and high medical cost. With the antibiotic abuse, the development and wide application of immunosuppressive therapies, the pathogens that cause HAP are more diverse, and drug resistance phenomenon becomes more severe. This paper aims to review the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and antimicrobial resistance of HAP in China and at abroad, so as to provide reference for clinical treatment.