22种植物提取物对番茄病原菌生物活性的筛选

Bioactivity Screening of 22 Kinds of Plant Extracts against Tomato Plant Pathogens in vitro

试验以番茄常见的病害番茄枯萎病病原菌、番茄灰霉病病原菌、番茄早疫病病原菌、番茄黑斑病病原菌为供试菌种,采用菌丝生长速率法,对丁香、木醋酸、石菖蒲等22种植物乙醇提取物进行了抑菌活性的筛选,旨在为植物源杀菌剂的开发提供理论依据。结果表明,质量浓度为2 mg/m L时,博落回、木醋酸、八角、丁香、细辛、石菖蒲6种植物提取物对4种番茄病原真菌的菌丝抑制率均大于60%,其中,木醋酸的抑制效果最好,抑制率均达到75%以上。木醋酸作为一种新型的植物源农药值得进一步开发利用。

To provide a theoretical basis for the development of botanical fungicide,in this experiment,Phomopsis macrospora,Botrytis cinerea,Alternaria solani and Pseudomonas syringae were selected as tested strains,which are the common diseases of tomato,and the mycelial growth rate method was used to screen the antibacterial activities of 22 kinds of plant ethanol extracts,such as Eugenia caryophyllata,wood vinegar and Acorus tatarinowii,etc.When the mass concentration was 2 mg/m L,the mycelia inhibition rates of ethanol extracts from 6 plants on tomato pathogenic hyphae were more than 60%,which were Macleaya cordata,wood vinegar,Illicium verum,Eugenia caryophyllata,Asarum sieboldii and Stellera chamaejasme.Among them,the inhibitory effect of wood vinegar was the best,all reached more than 75%.Wood vinegar,as a new botanical pesticide,is worth further development and utilization.