小麦基因组学研究进展

Research Advances of Wheat Genomics

由于小麦基因组庞大而且高度重复,其基因组学相关研究一度落后于水稻和玉米等二倍体作物。随着近年来测序组装、基因编辑等技术的快速发展,小麦正式步入了以基因组功能表征为中心的新时期,这将有力促进小麦功能基因的克隆,并揭示其在不同材料间的变异类型。阐述了小麦基因组测序、功能注释、基于NGS的遗传学和功能基因组学4个方向的研究进展,以期为小麦基础研究和分子育种提供参考信息。

Research in wheat genomics-related lags behind diploid crops such as rice and maize at one time due to its large and highly repetitive genomes.With the rapid development of technologies such as sequencing and assembly and gene editing in recent years,wheat has officially entered a new era centering on genomic functional characterization,which will strongly promote the cloning of wheat functional genes and reveal their variation types among different materials.In this paper,the advances in the four directions of wheat genome sequencing,functional annotation,NGS-enabled genetics and functional genomics were described to provide reference information for wheat basic research and molecular breeding.