烟草根际溶磷解钾细菌的筛选鉴定及对烟草的促生作用

Screening and Identification of Phosphate-and Potassium-Solubilizing Bacteria and Their Growth Promoting Effect on Tobacco Seedlings

本试验以山东潍坊烟田土壤为研究对象,对其根际溶磷解钾细菌进行筛选鉴定并分析该类细菌对烟草生长的影响。结果显示:(1)从山东潍坊烟田土壤样品分离得到34个细菌分离物。以烟草黑胫病菌(Phytophthora parasitica)和烟草青枯病菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)为指示菌,筛选出对2种病原菌有良好拮抗效果的菌株13株。(2)测定发现8株菌株具有良好的溶磷能力,菌株培养液中可溶性磷含量最高为241mg/L。5株菌株具有解钾能力,菌株培养液中速效钾含量最高为13.95 mg/L。5株菌株具有产IAA能力,最高IAA产量为104.71μg/mL。(3)菌株H1-2、3183可明显促进烟草生长,其浇灌后的烟草地上部和地下部鲜重均高于对照。(4)经16S r DNA序列系统进化分析得出,菌株3183和1441为贝莱思茅芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),菌株H1-2为多黏类芽孢杆菌(Peanibacillus polymyxa),菌株G2-7和D2为伯克霍尔德氏菌(Burkholderia spp.)。

In this experiment,the soil of Weifang tobacco field in Shandong was taken as the research object,the phosphate-and potassium-solubilizing bacteria in the rhizosphere were screened and identified and their effects on the growth of tobacco were analyzed. The results showed that 34 bacteria isolates were obtained from tobacco rhizosphere soil and 13 strains showed better antagonistic effects to both Phytophthora parasitica and Ralstonia solanacearum. The phosphate-and potassium-solubilizing capabilities of those isolates were tested,and 8 strains showed better phosphate-solubilizing activity and 5 strains showed potassium-solubilizing activity. The highest content of soluble phosphate and available potassium was 241 mg/L and 13. 95 mg/L respectively. Five strains showed the activity to produce indole acetic acid( IAA) and the highest concentration of IAA was 104. 71 μg/m L. H1-2 and 3183 strains could obviously promote the growth of tobac-co. The aboveground and underground fresh weight of tobacco seedlings irrigating with these bacteria solution were both higher than those of control. Through comparison of the 16 S ribosomal DNA and phylogenetic analysis,3183 and 1441 strains belonged to Bacillus velezensis,H1-2 strain belonged to Peanibacillus polymyxa,and G2-7 and D2 strains belonged to Burkholderia spp. respectively.