合并焦虑抑郁的老年高血压患者社会人口学特征分析

Analysis of social demographic characteristics in elderly hypertensive patients with anxiety and depression

目的分析合并焦虑抑郁的老年高血压患者社会人口学特征及其相关危险因素,为临床干预提供参考。方法连续收集2016年2月-10月在承德市中心医院老年病科住院的212例老年高血压患者,采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表14项版(HAMA-14)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表24项版(HAMD-24)评定焦虑抑郁状态,采用微型营养评定简表(MNA-SF)评定营养状况。按HAMA-14评分将患者分为焦虑组和非焦虑组,按HAMD-24评分分为抑郁组与非抑郁组,进行组间比较分析。采用多因素Logistic回归分析得出合并焦虑抑郁的相关危险因素。结果焦虑组危险因素为:居住农村(OR=4.662,95%CI:2.237~9.714)、不规律服药(OR=2.388,95%CI:1.394~4.091)、营养不良(OR=2.000,95%CI:1.062~3.766);抑郁组危险因素为:独居(OR=6.253,95%CI:2.383~16.408)、营养不良(OR=4.835,95%CI:2.558~9.142)。结论居住农村、不规律服药和营养不良是高血压合并焦虑的危险因素,而独居和营养不良是高血压合并抑郁的危险因素。

Objective To analyze the social demographic characteristics and related risk factors of elderly hypertensive patients with anxiety and depression,and to provide references for clinical intervention. Methods A total of 212 elderly hypertensive patients in the department of geriatrics of Chengde Central Hospital were collected from February 2016 to October 2016. They were evaluated with Hamilton Anxiety Scale-14 item( HAMA-14),Hamilton Depression Scale-24 item( HAMD-24) and Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form( MNA-SF). All cases were divided into anxiety group and non-anxiety group according to HAMA-14 score,or divided into depression group and non-depression group with HAMD-24 score. The clinical factors of these groups were collected and compared. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the related risk factors of patients with anxiety or depression. Results The risk factors of anxiety included living in rural areas( OR = 4. 662,95% CI: 2. 237 ~ 9. 714),non-regular medication( OR = 2. 388,95% CI: 1. 394 ~ 4. 091) and malnutrition( OR = 2. 000,95% CI: 1. 062 ~ 3. 766). The risk factors of depression included living alone( OR = 6. 253,95% CI: 2. 383 ~ 16. 408) and malnutrition( OR = 4. 835,95% CI: 2. 558 ~9. 142). Conclusion The risk factors of anxiety are living in rural areas,non-regular medicatio and malnutrition. The risk factors of depression are living alone and malnutrition.