贵金属催化剂概述

An Overview of Precious Metal Catalysts

在化学反应当中,使用催化剂可显著改变化学反应进行的速率而催化剂本身的质量和性质都不会发生变化。这种特性使得催化剂在现代化学工业当中有着极其重要的地位,催化剂本身是控制化学反应的重要手段之一。各种催化剂当中,贵金属催化剂被研究和使用得最多。本文主要讲述了贵金属催化剂的特征、贵金属催化剂的活性劣化因素以及几类化学反应中贵金属催化剂的作用,从而促进贵金属催化剂催化原理的揭示和工业上贵金属催化剂的设计及使用。

In a chemical reaction, the use of a catalyst significant-ly changes the rate at which the chemical reaction proceeds with-out any change in the quality and properties of the catalyst itself.This feature endows catalysts with an extremely important posi-tion in the modern chemical industry. And catalysts themselvesare an important means of controlling chemical reactions. Of thevarious catalysts, precious metal catalysts are the most studiedand used. In this paper, the characteristics of precious metal cat-alysts, the activity of precious metal catalysts and the role of pre-cious metal catalysts in several types of chemical reactions aremainly discussed to promote the revealing of catalytic principle ofprecious metal catalysts and the design and use of industrial pre-cious metal catalysts.