云南22个大麦新品种(系)的营养品质分析

The Analysis of the Nutritional Quality of 22 New Barley Varieties (Lines) Bred in Yunnan

为了解新育成大麦品种(系)籽粒的营养品质状况,采用近红外光谱分析技术,对云南省22份大麦新品种(系)籽粒的水分、蛋白质、淀粉、粗纤维含量等品质性状进行测定与分析。结果表明,参试大麦新品种(系)籽粒各品质性状的平均值为:水分含量9.58%,蛋白质含量13.67%,淀粉含量49.26%,粗纤维含量5.28%。参试品种(系)籽粒的蛋白质、粗纤维含量整体较高,水分含量较低;淀粉平均含量与对照S500差异不显著,低于对照的品种(系)有15个。4个品种(系)14BL1-86、云大麦12号、滇青1号及川12259达到饲用大麦一级标准。所有参试品种(系)粗纤维含量过高是作饲用大麦的主要影响因素,只有云大麦12号、川12259、滇青1号3个品种达到饲料大麦的标准;蛋白质含量过高是作啤酒大麦应用的主要问题,22个参试品种均达不到一级啤酒大麦的质量标准。

This study was undertaken to evaluate the nutritional quality of 22 barley varieties(lines) newly bred in Yunnan Province.Their contents of moisture, protein, starch, and crude fiber were measured by using near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS). The results showed that on average, these new barley varieties had the water content of 9.58%, the protein content of 13.67%, the starch content of49.26%, and the crude fiber content of 5.28%. Overall, they had relatively high protein and coarse fiber contents, but relatively low moisture content. Their average starch content was not significantly different from the starch content of the control variety S500, while15 varieties had lower starch content than the control. Only 4 varieties(14 BL1-86, Yundamai 12, Dianqing 1, and Chuan 12259)reached the quality standard for the first-grade feed barley. All tested varieties(lines) possessed relatively high crude fiber content,which is a major limiting factor for their use as forage barley. Only three varieties(lines) can be used as feed barley, which are Yundamai 12, Chuan 12259, and Dianqing 1. On the other hand, relatively high protein content in barley varieties is a limiting factor for their application to malting; none of these 22 varieties(lines) reached the quality standard for the first-grade malting barley.