论阮籍《咏怀诗》中的草木意象

On the Image of Grass and Wood in Ruan Ji's Poems of My Heart

阮籍的《咏怀诗》历来以涵义隐晦著称,然而,从意象的角度分析不失为一个索解的重要途径,草木意象就是其中之一。《咏怀诗》的草木意象主要有两个主旨:一是伤时刺世、揭露和讽刺黑暗的社会现实,用荆、杞、棘、葛等意象象征残破、凋敝的社会现状和形形色色的奸臣小人;二是感物伤怀、独立苍茫的穷途之哭,借用乔松、幽兰、朱草等意象,在嗟叹自身处境的同时,表达坚贞不屈的气节;通过木槿、桃李花等意象,抒发人生短暂之感;用藜藿、蓬蒿、三芝等意象表达遗世求仙的愿望。

Ruan Ji's Poems of My Heart has always been known for its implicit meaning.However,the analysis from the perspective of the image may well be an important way to resolve,the image of vegetation is one of them. There are two main themes in the image of chanting poems. One is the injury to the world,exposing and satirizing the dark social reality.The poet,through the images of Jing,Qi,Ji,Ge and others,symbolizes the social status quo of broken,depressed society and all kinds of traitors and villains. Second,the feeling of sorrow,the vastness of the dead cry of independence. Poets borrow the images of Qiaosong,Orchids,Zhucao and so on,while sighing their own situation,they express the stamina of unyielding integrity; through the images of hibiscus,peach and plum,they express the short-term feeling of life; and use quinoa,basil and sanzhi Image,then revealed the desire to remain immortal.Its "vegetation"image has a profound influence on later literary creation.