中国省域货物运输效率评价及时空演化研究——以“一带一路”为背景

Study on Efficiency Evaluation and Spatio-Temporal Evolution of Freight Transport in China——With “One Belt and One Road” as the Background

货物运输效率测度与评价是促进区域经济增长,加快生产要素流通的重要依据,随着"一带一路"倡议的深入实施,对货物运输流通效率与协作的要求也更高。基于此,本文利用DEA-BCC模型,以中国31个省市自治区为决策单元测度2006年、2009年、2012年以及2015年中国省域货物运输效率;并通过探索性空间数据分析(ESDA)探索货物运输效率时空演化及关联特征。结果表明:(1)自2006年开始,31个省市自治区货物运输综合效率、技术效率、规模效率整体都呈现不同程度的下降趋势;(2)从全局空间关联看,除2006年外,其余年份31个省市自治区货物运输效率表现出空间正相关性,存在一定的空间集聚效应;(3)从局部空间关联来看,货物运输效率H-H关联区主要位于中东部,所占比重较大并呈现不断上升的趋势,西部大部分省市自治区的空间关联并不显著。基于研究结果,以"一带一路"为背景提出提高省域货运效率的政策建议以促进高——高位置区域的辐射与带动作用,加强省域间货物运输协作。

Cargo transport efficiency measurement and evaluation are important basis for promoting regional economic growthand accelerating the circulation of production elements. With the deepening of the “ area” initiative implementation, it requiresprovincial transport of goods between efficient circulation and collaboration. Based on this, this paper uses the DEA-BCC model tomeasure the transport efficiency of Chinese provinces in China？s 31 provinces and cities in 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015. Throughexploring spatial data analysis （ESDA）, the spatial and temporal evolution and correlation characteristics of cargo transport effi？ciency are explored. The results show that first, since 2006, the comprehensive efficiency, technical efficiency and scale effi？ciency of goods transportation in 31 provinces and municipalities have been decreasing in different degrees; second, from the per？spective of global spatial correlation, except 2006, the efficiency of goods transportation in 31 provinces and autonomous regionsshow a positive correlation and there is a spatial clustering effect; third, from local space link, goods transport efficiency H-H as？sociated area is mainly located in the middle east, for a large proportion and presents the rising trend, most western provinces andautonomous regions of space, there is no significant correlation. Based on the results of the study, in order to “One Belt and OneRoad” as the background put forward policy suggestions on improving the efficiency of provincial freight to promote the location ofthe radiation and leading role of high-high, strengthening provincial transport of goods between the collaboration.