儿童话语分析的多模态意义模块建构探索——模态系统框架

The construction of multimodal semantic module in children discourse analysis——The modality system and framework

儿童早期话语有其独特的表达方式,即以多模态意义模块(MMSM)的形式出现,这种意义表达方式与其存在的情景语境,即环境变化(umwelt)和儿童早期自身的生理特征密切相关。此文章在前期个案研究的基础上做了进一步研究,探讨了多模态意义模块中主要的表意模态,构建了模态系统,发现在不同的环境中,根据模态的作用和出现的频率,多模态意义模块中的模态可解析为核心必要模态(obligatory modality/modalities)和选择性共现模态(optional modality/modalities),这些模态协同作用表达意义,缺乏任何一个核心模态,MMSM的意义都不能完整解析。此研究还构建了多模态意义模块系统分析框架,并依据此框架运用Elan对作者搜集的语料标注和分析,验证了多模态意义模块框架的可行性和儿童早期话语的单功能及其语境依赖特点。从语料中析出不同的多模态意义模块,概括出从出生到9个月龄幼儿不同发展阶段的多模态意义模块系统。这个意义发展系统揭示了幼儿早期心智发展特点,大致沿着生理—情感—审美—运动的曲线发展。这为针对幼儿不同发展阶段进行有侧重地培养提供了理论依据和实例解析。希望能为儿童语言发展相关研究提供参考。

Babies express their meanings in a special form of multimodal semantic module（ MMSM）. The meaning of MMSM is closely related to the context of culture and the context of situation,or in other words,umwelt or environmental change,and determined by the physical features of babies. This research,based on a case study,explored the modality system of MMSM,and discovered the mode features of a MMSM ： some modes were obligatory and others were optional in a MMSM; the different combinations of both groups produced different meanings. A multimodality analytical system framework is constructed to facilitate the study. Based on the framework,the corpora of the case study were analyzed with the help of Elan. The different functions and meanings of specific MMSMs were closely related to different contexts,which proved the validity of the framework and the mono-functional feature of metalanguage. The research also generalized the MMSM system of 1-9 m babies and revealed the developing feature of the mind. The discovery may provide theoretical basis for the nurturing of babies at different stages and provide reference for the relevant research.