革命与印刷:中共领导下中央印刷厂的运营(1931—1945)

Print and Publish for Revolution:Probe on Operation of the Central Printing Plant under the Leadership of the Communist Party of China(1931—1945)

中国共产党成立后即开始筹建印刷所,以推进革命宣传工作。1927年国共分裂之后,中共既在国统区继续组设地下印刷所,又于革命根据地设立印刷厂,1931年在中央苏区建立的中央印刷厂是其中最为重要的印刷机构。抗战时期中共中央进驻延安后,作出决策,重建在长征时期被迫解散的中央印刷厂。中央印刷厂通过引进与自创的方式来推进印刷的工业化,但与商业印刷的资本主义路径不同,中央印刷厂由中共直接领导,生产系以革命为志旨而非以盈利为目的。厂方与工人并非单纯的雇佣和被雇佣关系,厂方通过工会对工人进行政治与生产领导,工人在生产运动、技术革新等方面为革命宣传提供支持。中央印刷厂是中共建立自主性革命宣传能力的重要基础。

In order to promote the propaganda of the revolution,the print houses were prepared to construct after the establishment of the Communist Party of China. The printing plant was not only set up in the Kuomintang-controlled areas,but also in the revolutionary base areas by the CPC after the split between the kuomintang and the communist party in 1927. The most important printing plant was the central printing plant which was set up in the Central Soviet Area in 1931. The CPC entered Yan'an during the period of the Anti-Japanese War,and decided to rebuild the central printing plant that was forced to disband during the long march period. Different from the capitalist path of commercial printing,the plant was led by the CPC. Its industrialization was based on introducing and creating. What 's more,its production was driven by revolution rather than by profit. The entrepreneur and the workers were not simply hired and employed. The workers were politically and technically driven by the management through the Labor Union,and the workers supported the revolution through the production campaign and technological innovation. The central printing plant was an important foundation for the CPC to establish its propaganda.