以内陆物流港建设为中心,加快内陆自由贸易试验区建设

Accelerating the Development of Inland Free Trade Zones in China by Centering on the Development of Inland Logistics Ports

运输成本是内陆地区发展最大的障碍,其次是远离中心大市场。地理位置的劣势迫使内陆地区只能选择替代沿海地区产业的发展战略。在这些障碍存在的情况下,只靠设立自由贸易试验区难以完全克服内陆地区发展所面临的问题。本文认为,内陆自由贸易试验区的建设必须与内陆物流港的建设相结合,完善内陆与沿海、内陆与地区中心市场、内陆与中心市场一体化建设和运输模式创新4个方面的主要任务。研究结果显示,我国内陆自由贸易试验区所在地区的基础设施不仅落后于我国沿海地区,而且同亚洲发展中国家相比也不乐观。因此,加大基础设施建设的投资仍然是一项迫切的任务。我国现行的自由贸易试验区的特征更像投资便利化试验区,内陆自由贸易试验区未来的发展必须增加贸易开放内容,以适应全球价值链变迁的挑战。内陆地区的产业优势应该向着成为沿海地区中间品供应基地的方向转变,内陆自由贸易试验区应该最终成为高端产业集聚、国内改革和创新的领先者。最终内陆地区的崛起要在不依赖运输成本的高价值/重量比产品和服务业上建立起优势。

Transportation cost is the biggest obstacle to the development of inland regions, which are far from the big center market. The disadvantage of geographical location is that the inland regions can only choose to replace the development strategy of the coastal region industry. In the case of these obstacles, it is difficult to completely overcome the problems faced by inland regional development merely by establishing a free trade zone. This paper argues that the inland free trade zone construction must be combined with the construction of inland port logistics and then the main task is to improve the relations between inland and coastal areas, inland and region center market, inland and market integration, and transportation mode innovation. Research results show that the infrastructure of China＇s inland free trade zones is not only lagging behind China＇ s coastal regions, but also far from good in comparison with developing countries in Asia. Therefore, investment in infrastructure construction is still an urgent task. The characteristics of China＇ s current free trade zones are more like investment facilitation test. Development of inland free trade should open wider in the future to adapt to the challenges of the change of global value chain. Inland industrial advantage should shift in the direction of the products＇ supply bases. Inland free trade zones should eventually become the leader in high-end industrial agglomeration, reform and innovation. Eventually, the rise of inland regions will have to be built on high value/weight ratios and services that do not depend on transport costs.