《丁祭弹文》的传播演变及被小说化用的内涵分析

The Evolution of “DING JI TAN WEN(Mr.DING's Joke)” and Its Connotation of Novelization

《丁祭弹文》是明代弘治巳未侍郎刘清的原创笑话,被明代进士都穆列入《滁州志·刘清传》,明代钟惺《谐丛》改为《饿鬼》,明代嘉靖刻本笑话集《解愠编·儒箴》改为《秀才抢胙》,万历以后的《华筵趣乐谈笑酒令》改题为《不重廉耻》。类似饿鬼的无节制欲望狂求在《金瓶梅》《儒林外史》《聊斋志异》《谐铎》等小说中被重新聚焦、演绎。从《丁祭弹文》这则笑话的传播演变,可以看出明清专制官场体制下权力与欲望的关系,更从精神层次揭露了专制体制下权力膨胀与人性的异化和蜕变,对今天社会权保障体系的构建也有启发意义。

＂DING JI TAN WEN （Mr. DING＇s Joke）＂ is created by LIU Qing, an official in the Ming Dynastyand edited into the History of Chuzhou State Liuqing＇s Biography by the contemporary scholar Dumu. Thenthe Joke is changed into A Story of Starving Ghost, Xiucai Fighting for Meat, and Shameless in differentbooks and periods of Ming Dynasty. The image of the starving ghost with endless desire is reappeared inmany famous novels. From the evolution of the Joke, the relationship of power and desire in Ming and Qingofficialdom and the degeneration of humanity under the ultimate power can be observed, which can be thereferences for the construction of today＇s social care system.