国家文化工程中的声音记忆——以集成志书中的音乐记录为例

The Sound Memory in the National Cultural Projects: Examples of the Music Records in the Integrated Annals

将我国的传统音乐档案置于国家记忆的语境中定位,是现代国家政治、经济、社会、文化发展过程中不容忽视的一个话题。从1979年开始开展的"中国十大集成志书工程",是一项全国性的普查工程。这种自上而下的"集成"是以传统音乐构成的集体记忆,也是以各地区、各民族民间声音为主构成的国家记忆。此项工程就规模之大、全面系统和声音的记录而言,的确是第一次,也为后来的民族民间音乐搜集整理工作提供了范式。21世纪以来,文化部民族民间文艺发展中心主持的"再抢救"工程,秉承之前的工作,一方面展开修复档案与老唱片数字化的工作,另一方面逐步展开了地方影像资料抢救性修复和著录。随后展开的中国民族民间文艺基础数据库的"元数据"建设,让文化信息的空间表达更为精细化、系统化。因此,将国家记忆与大众生活、艺术发展、文化交流联系起来,推进国家命运共同体的延续和发展,推进世界命运共同体的建设是文化保护、传承与创造的终极目标。

It is a significant topic in the political, economic, social and cultural development of a modem country to position the Chinese traditional music archives in the context of national memory. The ＂National Ten Integrated Annals Projects＂, which began in 1979, is a national survey project. This top -down ＂inte- gration＂ is a collective memory constituted by traditional music, as well as a national memory constituted by the sound from various places and ethnic commonities. This project is the first because of its scale, compre- hensiveness and the recordings of thesound. Therefore, it acts as a paradigm for subsequent collections of ethnic and folk music. In the 21＇t century, based on the previous works, the ＂re -rescue＂ project, which is operated by Centre for Ethnic and Folk Literature and Art Development, one hand, undertakes restoration of archives and digitalization of historic Ministry of Culture, China, on the discs; on the other hand, initiates restoration and compilation of regional image materials. The subsequent ＂meta data＂ construction of the bas- ic database of the Chinese ethnic and folk literature and arts makes the spacialexpression of the cultural in- formation more delicate and systematic. Thus, the ultimate goals of the protection, inheritance and creation of culture concern associating the national memory with the public life, art development and cultural ex- change, promoting the extension and development of the national community of common destiny, and advan- cing the world community of common destiny.