^(60)Co-γ射线对路易斯安那鸢尾种子的辐射效应研究

Effects of ^(60)Co-γ Rays Irradiation on the Seeds of Louisiana Irises

为探索路易斯安那鸢尾育种的新途径,利用0(CK)、100、200、300 Gy 4个不同剂量的^(60)Co-γ射线对6个路易斯安那鸢尾品种的自交种子进行辐射处理,研究^(60)Co-γ射线对路易斯安那鸢尾种子的辐射效应。结果表明,与CK相比,100 Gy辐射处理可以提高路易斯安那鸢尾种子萌发率和成苗率,并有效促进F1M1花茎伸长和花朵直径增加;200 Gy的辐射处理具有明显的致死效应,种子成苗率显著下降;低于200 Gy的^(60)Co-γ射线辐射对其中5个品种F1M1的花色分离具有促进作用,剂量越高,花色分离率越高;300 Gy辐射处理下,6个品种种子成苗率均低于2%,表明300 Gy具有强烈的致死效应。由此可知,100 Gy辐射处理可以促进种子萌发,用于种苗生产;200 Gy可以作为诱变剂量用于诱变育种;300 Gy则不适宜选作辐射育种剂量。本研究结果为路易斯安那鸢尾的辐射育种技术的应用提供了一定的理论依据和技术参考。

To explore an efficient way of breeding for Louisiana irises,the effects of ^60Co-γ rays irradiation at 0、100、200、300 Gy,respectively,on self-crossed seeds derived from 6 cultivars were investigated. The results indicated that,compared to CK,the improvement for seed germination and survival rate,as well as increase for F1M1 flower stalk height and flower diameter could be achieved by 100 Gy of irradiation. The seed survival rate decreased dramatically through 200 Gy of irradiation,which showed a significant lethal effect. ≤ 200 Gy irradiation could promote the flower color segregation of F1 M1 plants in 5 cultivars. The more the dose was,the higher the segregation rate was. Highly significant lethal effect was observed in the irradiation of 300 Gy ^60Co-γ rays,which could decrease the seed survival rates to lower than 2% in 6 selected cultivars. As a resuslt,100 Gy could be selected for improving seed germination and seedling production while 200 Gy could be selected for mutant breeding. 300 Gy is not suitable as the dose of irradiation breeding. The result provides a reference for the application of irradiation breeding technology on Louisiana irises.