菘蓝农艺性状与药材产量的相关和通径分析

Correlation and Path Analysis of the Yield Folium Isatidis and Radix Isatidis Yield Per Plant and Main Agronomic Traits in Isatis indigotica Fort.

为探究菘蓝主要农艺性状的变异特征,明确药材产量形成的决定因子,合理评价与利用现有种质资源及选育品种提供参考依据,本研究以18份国内菘蓝主栽区的种质资源为试验材料,通过测定11个农艺性状,采用相关分析、回归分析、通径分析等方法,探讨菘蓝主要农艺性状之间的关系。结果表明,菘蓝主要农艺性状变异丰富,变异系数(CV)达9.83%~69.22%,根鲜重、叶鲜重和叶面积的CV均大于60%,大青叶和板蓝根产量的CV大于50%,根直径、叶干物质含量、根长、根干物质含量CV较小。大青叶产量与根干物质含量呈显著负相关,与叶片干物质含量呈负相关,与其他农艺性状都呈极显著正相关;板蓝根产量与叶、根干物质含量均呈负相关,与其他农艺形状均呈极显著正相关。采用逐步回归分析,分别建立大青叶产量和板蓝根产量与农艺性状之间的回归模型,经统计学检验,两个模型均达极显著水平,其决定系数分别为0.989、0.982。通过通径分析,确定影响大青叶产量的关键农艺性状依次为叶片数(0.715)、叶鲜重(0.594)、根鲜重(0.140)和侧根数(0.131),而影响板蓝根产量的关键农艺性状为根长(0.837)和根鲜重(0.592)。菘蓝种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性,大青叶产量形成的决定因子为叶片数、叶鲜重、根鲜重和侧根数;板蓝根产量形成的决定因子为根长和根鲜重。高产型大青叶的品种特征为叶片数多、叶和根鲜重均重、侧根数较多;高产型板蓝根的品种特征为根长和根鲜重。本研究为菘蓝种质资源鉴定及品种选育提供了理论依据。

The purpose of this study was to analyze the variation of agronomic traits and to explore the traits controlling the yielding of medical Isatis indigotica Fort. in anticipation of to provide important information for germplasm evaluation and innovation to select the high yielding Isatis indigotica varieties. In this study,11 agronomic traits of 18 Isatis indigotica varieties were analyzed. The correlation,multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis were conducted,whilst integrated the growth status of Isatis indigotica and applied critical-path analysis,to identify the primary indexes of Folium Isatidis and Radix Isatidis yield. The results showed that the variation coefficient of agronomic traits of Isatis indigotica reached 9. 83% to 69. 22% . Among the main agronomic traits,the weight of fresh root（ RFW）,the weight of fresh leaf（ LFW） and the leaf area（ LAF） had the most variation in related traits that there were more than 60% of all,the yield of Folium Isatidis and Radix Isatidis had less variation that there were more than 50% of all,taking the second place while the root diam（ RD）,the root length（ RL）,leaf and root dry matter content（ LDM and RDM） traits had the least variation ratio. The yield of Folium Isatidis was positively correlated with other agronomic traits significantly,in which leaf and root dry matter content were not included. The yield of Radix Isatidis was positively correlated with other agronomic traits significantly,while was negative correlated with the dry matter content of leaf and root. Regression models,which successfully forecasted the relationships not only between agronomic traits but also between the yield of Folium Isatidis and Radix Isatidis were established by step wise regression analysis. Statistical test was performed and the results showed that the correlation coefficient was significant,the coefficients of the yield of Folium Isatidis and Radix Isatidis were 0. 989 and 0. 982,respectively. Furthermore,path analysis indicated that the main factors that influenced Folium Isatidis yield were leaf number（ 0. 715）,leaf FW（ 0. 594）,root FW（ 0. 140） and number of branch root（ 0. 131）. On the other hand,the main factors that influenced Radix Isatidis yield were root length（ 0. 837） and root FW（ 0. 592）. Isatis indigotica germplasm had high-level genetic diversity. In addition,the extremely significant correlation between agronomic traits was clearly indicated. The major determining factors of Folium Isatidisr yield were leaf number,leaf FW,root FW and number of branch root. The high Folium Isatidisr yield varieties had more leaves,higher weight of leaf and root and more branch root numbers. The major determining factors of Radix Isatidis yield were root length and root FW. The high Radix Isatidis yield varieties had more longer root and higher weight of root FW. This research provides a theoretical basis for the germplasm resources identification and new variety breeding of Isatis indigotica Fort.