零磁空间诱变对紫花苜蓿品种生长特性的研究

Effect of Magnetic Field-free Space on Growth Characteristics of Alfalfa

零磁空间诱变是一种地面模拟空间零磁场的诱变育种方法。为研究零磁空间处理对紫花苜蓿生长特性的影响,以4种紫花苜蓿种子为试验材料,经零磁空间处理180 d后,测定种子活力,并以当代试材为对象,研究其农艺性状及生理指标变化。结果表明,零磁空间诱变对苜蓿种子萌发具有抑制作用,而对幼苗苗长和根长的影响因品种不同而异;零磁空间诱变处理对供试品种农艺性状的影响也不同,诱变处理抑制了驯鹿和龙牧806苜宿株高,而促进了肇东和敖汉苜蓿株高,提高了所有供试品种的分枝数以及生物产量,降低了茎叶比,而对干鲜比影响不明显。经诱变处理后植株叶片过氧化物酶活性显著提高,过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性因品种不同变化不同,丙二醛浓度变化不明显。表明诱变变异因品种自身特性不同而异,通过诱变处理可以改良当代苜蓿农艺性状。本研究结果为后代选育有益变异株系提供了技术参考。

Magnetic field-free space mutagenesis is a breeding method of analog space zero magnetic field on the ground.To study the effect of magnetic field-free space mutagenesis on growth characteristics of alfalfa,four alfalfa cultivars were used as experimental materials,the seed vigor was determined,and agronomic characters and physiological indexes of contemporary plants were studied after treatment by magnetic field-free space mutagenesis for 180 days. The results showed that the seed germination was obviously inhibited by magnetic field-free space mutagenesis treatment,while the influences on seedling length and root length varied among different varieties. What＇ s move,magnetic field-free space mutagenesis treatment showed different influences on the agronomical characteristics among these four varieties for Xunlu and Longmu806,the plant height were inhibited,while for Zhaodong and Aohan alfalfa,the plant height were promoted. The branch number and biomass production of all alfalfa varieties were also promoted,but the stem-leaf ratio showed the downward trend,and there were no obvious effects on dry-fresh ratio. After treating with magnetic field-free space mutagenesis,the peroxidase（POD） activities of all alfalfa leaves were increased. The activity changes of superoxide dismutase（SOD） and hydrogen peroxidase（CAT） were different among different varieties. There was no obvious effect on concentration of malondialdehyde（MDA）. That indicated the induced mutation was dependent on the varietyies. The magnetic field-free space mutagenesis treatment can improve agronomic traits of contemporary alfalfa,and provide technical reference for the good offspring mutant strain breeding.