加强早产儿出院后合理喂养指导的效果评价

The effects of feeding guidance on reasonable feeding after discharge among premature infants

目的评价加强喂养指导对早产儿出院后合理喂养的影响。方法 2016年3月—7月选取符合纳入标准的77例早产儿及家庭随机分为试验组(40例)和对照组(37例)。对照组家长常规探视并健康宣教,试验组家长在此基础上接受喂养知识指导,采用多媒体授课、观看宣教录像、操作示范及模拟人实践等方法。比较家长喂养知识水平及早产儿出院1个月后喂养方案实施情况和营养不良发生率。结果干预后试验组家长的喂养知识总分及各项目得分均高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组母乳+母乳强化剂和出院后配方奶粉喂养率均高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组营养不良发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论加强喂养指导有效提高了家长的早产儿喂养知识水平,促进出院后强化营养,减少营养不良的发生率。

Objective To evaluate the effects of feeding education on reasonable feeding among premature infants after discharge. Methods A total of 77 premature infants and caregivers were recruited from March 2016 to July 2016. They were divided into the experimental group（n=40） or the control group（n=37） according to the orders of their hospitalization. Caregivers in the control group visited their babies routinely. Caregivers in the experimental group received feeding education besides routine visit. The feeding education included classroom teaching, video watching,skill demonstrations,and Siman practicing. The feeding knowledge levels were investigated among caregivers on the first visit in hospital and one day before discharge. The feeding implementation and growth indi- cators of premature infant were recorded on one month after discharge. Results Scores of feeding knowledge and sub-items were higher in the experimental group caregivers when compared with those in the control group（P〈0.05）. The percentage of human milk fortifier and postdischarge formula usage were higher in the experimental group（P〈0.05）. The incidence of malnutrition among premature infants was lower in the experimental group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Feeding education could effectively improve earegivers＇ knowledge of premature infants feeding,promote the post- discharge nutrition,and reduce the incidence of malnutrition among premature infants.