试论埃及伊斯梅尔时期的现代化改革

Modernization Reform in the Ismail Period of Egypt

埃及伊斯梅尔时期的现代化改革是在世界、中东、埃及和伊斯梅尔个人共同影响下的产物。由于单一商品生产、城市大规模改建、不断向外国举债,形成了埃及畸形经济结构,最终导致伊斯梅尔改革以失败告终。伊斯梅尔改革中体现了东西方观念的冲突与调适。其失败原因主要有政治合法性、经济发展战略、专制统治、列强干涉、对外扩张等方面。

Modernization reform in the Ismail Period of Egypt was comprehensively influenced by Ismail,Egypt,Middle East and the world. The failure of Ismail＇s reform was caused by a deformed economy with multiple reasons including mono production,excessive urbanization,as well as huge foreigndebts. Nevertheless,the Ismail reform presents both conflict and adjustment between Western and Oriental concepts. The keys to understand its failure are political legitimacy,economic development strategy,authoritarian regime,foreign power intervention,external expansion,etc.