作为建制性学科的中国政治学——兼论如何让治理理论起到治理的作用

Chinese Political Studies as a Constructive Discipline: How Governance Theory Takes Governable Effects

自1980年恢复学科建制以来,中国政治学事实上发挥着建制性作用。上个世纪八九十年代,中国政治学以译介为主,关心和研究的主题分别是现代化和民主政治,同时也开始了初步的自主性研究。进入新世纪,政治学界开始反思、批判作为"拿来主义"产物的流行理论,并初步建构起自主性民主话语体系和治理话语体系。在过去十几年里,中国政治学的研究主题是多元化的,其最大公约数是"国家治理"。政治学界展开了不同层次的国家治理研究,这些研究成果已经成为国家政治生活不可或缺的组成部分。但是,政治学界要进行好的治理研究并推动国家治理现代化,前提是还得对"国家的母体",即社会——尤其是各种非西方国家的社会形态进行比较研究,以便让治理理论真正发挥积极作用;否则国家非但得不到治理,反而可能遭受无穷的内乱。

Since the reconstruction of disciplines in 1980s,the Chinese political studies actually have performed a constructive role for long.In the 1980-1990s,the main missions of Chinese political studies were translation and introduction,with the concentration on the topics of modernization and democratic politics.Simultaneously,the preliminary autonomous study began.After 2000,the academia of political study began to rethink and criticize the popular theories which were imported without reflection,and tried to establish discourses of autonomous democracy and governance.In the past decade,although the research themes were diverse,the most general question concerned by the academia was about the state governance.The studies on different levels of state governance have produced many valuable results which are the most indispensable part of the national political life.However,if researchers want to promote the progress of modernization of state governance and do governance study well,it is necessary to investigate society,especially different non-western society patterns and make comparative studies among them so that the governance theories could play their positive parts.Otherwise,those countries may suffer doom and civil strife rather than get good governance.