蜜蜂RNA病毒在传粉昆虫中的分布及其病害诊断防治方法

The Distribution,Diagnosis and Prevention Methods of Honeybee RNA Viruses in Insect Pollinators

近几十年来,传粉昆虫尤其是蜜蜂种群数量锐减,蜂群崩溃失调症(Colony collapse disorder,CCD)是严重威胁蜂产业发展和农作物增产的重要因素。在蜜蜂疾病病原中,RNA病毒被认为是造成CCD的主要原因。蜜蜂RNA病毒在非蜜蜂属膜翅目传粉昆虫中也能被大量检测到,暗示蜜蜂RNA病毒的广泛传播可能导致了世界范围内传粉昆虫数量的急剧下降。就蜜蜂囊状幼虫病毒(SBV)、卷翅病毒(DWV)、黑蜂王台病毒(BQCV)、急性麻痹病毒(ABPV)等常见蜜蜂病毒在传粉昆虫中的分布情况以及蜜蜂病毒病的诊断和治疗方法进行综述,这对于整个传粉昆虫的流行病毒学研究和传粉昆虫的保护具有重要意义,也为蜜蜂病害综合防控体系的建设提供理论参考。

In the last couple of decades,the number of insect pollinators especially the honeybee has declined rapidly. Honeybee colony collapse disorder（ CCD） is the main reason that brings serious threat to the development of bee industry and the crop production. Among honeybee pathogens,RNA viruses are suspected as a key player to CCD. It is noteworthy that the honeybee RNA viruses,which were originally thought to have a specific host,are also detected in a number of non-Apis Hymenopteran species,suggesting that the wide environmental spread of honeybee RNA viruses maybe cause dramatic decrease of insect pollinators. This paper summarized the distribution of sacbrood virus（ SBV）,deformed wing virus（ DWV）,black queen cell virus（ BQCV）,acute bee paralysis virus（ ABPV） and other common honeybee RNA viruses in pollinators. In addition,the diagnosis and prevention methods of bee virus disease were also presented. These are of great importance to the epidemiological investigation of viruses in the whole pollinators and the protection of insect pollinators,and will provide a theoretical reference for the establishment of comprehensive prevention and control system of honeybee diseases.