美国“学训结合”培养运动员模式的探究

A Study on the Athletes Cultivation Model of in "Learn-Train Connection" in America

基于美国运动员的成就,旨在了解美国培养运动员的模式。运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法对美国"学训结合"培养运动员模式的内在支撑、主要管理组织进行系统的分析,对"学训结合"培养运动员的不同模式进行深入探究。结果表明美国"学训结合"培养运动员与本国的文化背景、政策体系、社会氛围等等密切相关,两大组织、两大体系、三个阶段、社会管理体育、业余性原则是"学训结合"培养运动员这一模式成功的关键。提出我国应完善学生运动员教育保障、改革运动员培养模式、拓宽学生运动员就业方向等建设性意见。

Based on the achievements of American athletes, it aims to understand the model of American athlete training. By using the methods of literature and logical analysis, this paper makes a systematic analysis of the inter-nal support, the main management organization of the athletes training model of ＂ Combining Culture - Learning with Training ＂ in the United states, and explores different the athletes training models of M Combining Culture - Learning with Training ＂ . The results show that the M Combining Culture - Learning with Training M model of ath-letes in the United States is closely related to their own cultural background, policy system, social atmosphere and so on. Two organizations, two systems, three stages, society management of sports, amateur principle that is the key to the success of the athletes training model of M Combining Culture - Learning with Training ＂ . It is suggested that our country should improve the educational guarantee for student athletes, reform the model of athlete training and broaden the employment direction of student athletes.